Toplifikacija AD Skopje, a company whose basic activity is the production
and distribution of heat energy, was founded in 1965.
Today, the district heating system of Skopje is a modern system with
a high degree of automation of the technological processes and a complete
computer monitoring of the heat production. In the past 15 years 50%
of the energy delivered to the consumers was measured, and since the
year 2000 all of the delivered heat is measured.
Technological
characteristics
The district heating system of the city of Skopje is a hot water system
with a nominal delivery temperature of the water of 130 oC, and 70oC
in the return duct. Regulation of the delivered heat is carried out
through control of the temperature in the delivery pipeline and through
control of the flow rate of the water.
| Heat sources |
Heating plant
|
Hot water capacity [MW]
|
Steam capacity [MW]
|
| Istok |
279 |
14.8 |
| Zapad |
171 |
11.9 |
| 11 Oktomvri |
27.9 |
|
| Park |
9 |
|
| Total |
479 |
26.7 |
Distributive grid
Pipes with diameters of 25 to 700 mm are set into canals,
insulated with glass wool, foreseen mainly with U-compensators.
The total length of the grid is approximately 170 km.
3262 reduction mixing heat sub-stations in which
the water temperature in the building is regulated through a direct
mixing of the water from the system and that of the building.
Connected Consumers
|
Capacity |
%
|
Apartment
buildings
|
No. apartm. |
Area
|
[MW]
|
|
| 47.870 |
2.979.726 m2 |
354,046 |
63,80 |
Business space
|
Fixed rate
|
Metered |
Total |
|
| 33,76 MW |
108,67 MW |
142,43 |
25,67 |
Individual houses
|
Metered
heat
|
30,02 |
5,41 |
Institutions
|
|
|
13,75 |
2,48 |
Elementary Schools
|
|
|
14,64 |
2,64 |
| Total consumer
capacity |
554,886 |
100% |
Average temperatures: Januari - Dekemvri 2004:
6.69 oC.
Delivered heat to the consumers: 713,744 MWh.
Annual consumption of fuel: Heavy fuel oil 67.087
t annually.
Gas consumption: 2.033.100 m3, which is equivalent
to 1.704 t of fuel oil
Total fuel consumption: 68.791 t equivalent fuel
oil.
Total installed electric capacity: 7 MW
Annual consumption of electricity: 17,169,928 kWh
Personnel potentials:
STAFF EDUCATION
LEVEL /Year
|
1965 |
1985 |
1995 |
1999 |
2004 |
| Doctor of sciences |
|
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
University education
|
4 |
24 |
39 |
40 |
34 |
High education
|
|
5 |
17 |
18 |
9 |
Highly qualified workers
|
|
24 |
12 |
12 |
39 |
Secondary school
|
7 |
106 |
180 |
175 |
250 |
Qualified workers
|
2 |
96 |
|
105 |
|
| Half qualified workers |
|
7 |
19 |
22 |
|
Non- qualified workers
|
|
19 |
|
|
16 |
| Total employees |
18 |
291 |
399 |
388 |
349 |
Annual revenues: approximately 30.000.000 US$.
Technical equipment:
A research unit for the complex energy sector and ecology
-Computer network system
-Design and engineering
-Measurement laboratory
Modern workshops for mechanical, electrical and instrumental maintenance,
as well as repair facility for the vehicles.
A plant laboratory for preparation and control of water, fuel and
the combustion process.
Company Activities
-Production and distribution of heat energy,
-Preparation of studies, investment programs and complete technical
documentation for thermal energy structures, district heating and
the gas distribution network,
-Applied scientific research work in the field of thermal energy,
-Construction and installation of district heating and gas distribution
structures, - Transport of fluid fuels,
-Sales of fluid fuels,
-Preparation and maintenance of products from the field of precision
mechanics, - Repair and maintenance of electric measurement and
regulation equipment,
-Metrology,
-Distribution of natural gas.
|
The
District Heating System Of The City Of Skopje